Decarbonizing Hong Kong Ferry Transport
DOC ID: AM-EF150-FS-2026

BAYWING EF-150 EXPRESS Active Fly-by-Wire Electric Hydrofoil Platform

Aero-Marine Systems is building the software-defined future of GBA maritime transit. By integrating aerospace-grade flight control algorithms with Pearl River Delta carbon-composite supply chains, the EF-150 architecture completely decouples the hull from hydrodynamic drag—slashing energy requirements by 80% and making high-speed electric commuter routes commercially viable.

Flagship Operational Envelope 150 PASSENGER CLASS
Target Cruise Speed
38.0 KNOTS
(70.3 km/h Foil-borne)
Effective Range
30.0 NM
(w/ 20% Regulatory Reserve)
Est. Battery Capacity
1.2 MWh
800V Marine LFP Architecture
Turnaround Target
20 MINS
3.5 MW Automated Charging
Phase 2: Commercial Transition & Revenue

BAYWING-D2 (25-Pax Commercial Pilot)

Jumping directly from a 3-meter drone to a 28-meter 150-pax ferry is un-fundable by early-stage VCs. The BAYWING-D2 is our commercial bridge. It is a 15m, 25-passenger vessel designed explicitly to validate the technology in human-rated intra-city Hong Kong transit, secure marine certifications, and generate our first recurring revenue. This intermediate step allows VCs to fund the "gap" securely using government 1:1 matching schemes.

INTERACTIVE SCHEMATIC: D2 PILOT VESSEL
TOP-DOWN PLAN: 25-PASSENGER VIP CABIN LOA 15.0m (49.2 FT) | BOA 4.5m CREW PORT SIDE ELEVATION WATER TAXI / ISLAND COMMUTER CONFIGURATION 2x 150 kW PODS WATERLINE (32 KNOTS) INITIAL COMMERCIAL ROUTES & INFRASTRUCTURE INTRA-CITY DECARBONIZATION NETWORK DISCOVERY BAY HK CENTRAL PIERS 500 kW FAST CHARGER SCIENCE PARK (TOLO) MARKET STRATEGY: Validating the D2 on short, high-density intra-city routes (Central to DB/Tolo) proves commercial unit economics and regulatory compliance for passenger transport, unlocking institutional VC funding for the EF-150. AERO-MARINE SYSTEMS // D2 COMMERCIAL PROJECT: BAYWING-D2 (PILOT VESSEL) CAPACITY: 25 PAX + 2 CREW BUILD TIME: 14 MONTHS DISPLACEMENT: ~12.0 TONNES SPEED: 32.0 KNOTS BUDGET: HK$ 20.0M (VC + ITF ESS MATCH)
25-Passenger VIP Cabin Sufficient capacity to generate initial commercial revenue on premium intra-city routes, proving the financial model to Series A investors.
2x 150 kW Pod Drives Provides 32 knots cruise speed. Draws power from a 400 kWh LFP battery pack offering ~40 NM range.
500 kW Fast Charging Initial infrastructure build-out at Central Piers utilizes standard 500 kW marine chargers, avoiding the complex 3.5 MW grid upgrades needed for the full EF-150.

Manufacturing Specs

  • Build Time: 14 Months
  • Facility Required: PRD Composite Shipyard Partner
  • Labor Required: ~12 Person Assembly Team
  • Core Materials: Infused Carbon-Fiber & Marine Alum
  • Shipyard Build: HK$ 18.5 Million
  • Testing & Certs: HK$ 1.5 Million
  • Total D2 Capital: HK$ 20.0 Million

Commercial Market Focus

While the D1 serves to sell our IP and data to marine OEMs, the D2 enters the intra-city transit market. It will decarbonize Hong Kong's internal ferry network (Discovery Bay, Lamma Island, Mui Wo) providing VIP transit and fast commuting before the EF-150 dominates the inter-city GBA routes (Macau, Shenzhen).

The VC "Gap" Funding Hook

The D2 bridges the "Valley of Death." This staged capital architecture minimizes founder and early angel dilution by leveraging non-dilutive statutory capital across both prototyping and pilot phases. Pitching VCs to fund a HK$ 10M Seed/Pre-A round directly triggers the government's ITF Enterprise Support Scheme (ESS) 1:1 matching grant, immediately doubling the capital to HK$ 20M to fully fund the D2 construction, testing, and launch.

Phase 1: Sub-Scale Technology Validation

BAYWING-D1 (1:8 Scale Testbed)

High-speed hydrofoiling is fundamentally an aerospace control problem. Because dynamic instability scales inversely with physical size, a sub-scale 3.56-meter vessel experiences higher natural oscillation frequencies than the full commercial crafts. Stabilizing the D1 in real-world harbor sea-states completely de-risks the flight control stack.

INTERACTIVE SCHEMATIC: D1 DRONE
0102030405 ABCD TOP-DOWN VIEW (PLAN) LOA 3.56m | BOA 1.22m UNCREWED AVIONICS BAY FORWARD LiDAR LOA: 3.56 METERS PORT SIDE ELEVATION DYNAMIC RUNNING MODES 1.0 kW POD WATERLINE (FOILING) 100Hz FLAP ACTUATOR BOTTOM-UP UNDERCARRIAGE SUBMERGED FOIL GEOMETRY & POD LAYOUT SUBMERGED FLAPS SPAN: 1.22m CFD HYDRODYNAMIC FLOW ANALYSIS L/D EFFICIENCY & WAVE PATTERN AERO-MARINE SYSTEMS // HONG KONG PROJECT: BAYWING-D1 (1:8 DEMONSTRATOR) SCALE: 1:8 FROUDE DYNAMIC MODEL DOC ID: AM-EF150-FS-2026 DISPLACEMENT: 109 KG SPEED: 13.4 KNOTS (Fn 1.17) STATUS: HKSTP FEASIBILITY PASS
Forward LiDAR Provides wave feedforward compensation for the 100Hz flight controller, anticipating surface chop before the struts impact.
Uncrewed Avionics Bay Houses the Dual STM32H7 / Jetson Orin Nano flight computers, SBG INS, and the 1.0 kWh 48V LFP power bank.
Subsea Rotary Servos IP68-rated waterproof actuators. Adjusts submerged trailing-edge flaps 100 times per second to actively neutralize pitch and roll.
2x 1.0 kW Pod Drives Froude-scaled thrust accurately simulating the 1,300 kW full-scale propulsion system at 13.4 knots.
HOVER OVER HIGHLIGHTED COMPONENTS FOR TECHNICAL DATA
Avionics & Sensor Fusion 100 Hz Loop

Autonomous Flight Controller

Dual deterministic microcontrollers running real-time RTOS. Ingests dual IMUs, high-speed ultrasonic ride-height sensors, and a forward-scanning micro-LiDAR for wave feedforward compensation.

  • Compute: STM32H7 + Jetson Orin Nano
  • Latency: < 8ms Actuator Response
  • Telemetry: 4G/5G + LoRa Long Range
Hydrodynamics & Scaling Froude Scaled

True Dynamic Similarity

Scaled strictly according to Froude number criteria (Fn = 1.17). Operating at 13.4 knots simulates the wave-making, cavitation boundaries, and flap dynamics of the full-scale vessel at 38 knots.

  • Scale Factor: 1:8 Linear (λ = 8)
  • Model Speed: 13.4 Knots (24.8 km/h)
  • Model Mass: ~109 kg (Displacement)
Zero-Grid R&D Deployment Low OPEX Testing

Tolo Harbour Test Protocol

Tested directly offshore at Hong Kong Science Park (Pak Shek Kok waterfront / Tolo Harbour). Swappable 48V LFP batteries eliminate shore charging needs during R&D, slashing sea-trial costs.

  • Test Location: HKSTP Tolo Harbour Slipway
  • Battery: 1.0 kWh Swappable 48V LFP
  • Runtime / Pack: ~45 Mins Foil-borne
3. Deep Tech Moat & Economics

Defensible OPEX Advantages

Legacy fast ferries rely on multi-megawatt diesel gas turbines pushing heavy displacement hulls. High marine fuel costs and escalating engine overhaul expenses compress operating margins. Our Fly-by-Wire control system enables a thermodynamic shift.

01. Platform Dynamics
80%

Drag Reduction

Fully submerged T-foils lift the hull completely above the waves at 18+ knots, decoupling the vessel from hydrodynamic displacement drag.

Cruise Power: ~1,100 kW
02. Core IP Moat
100Hz

Active FCS Loop

Triple-redundant Fly-by-Wire software reads IMUs and LiDAR, adjusting submerged flaps 100x/sec to neutralize Victoria Harbour wake pitch and roll.

Wake Wash: <0.15m
03. Infrastructure
4.0MWh

Shore BESS Buffer

Dockside battery storage buffers the 3.5 MW Megawatt Charging System (MCS), enabling rapid turnarounds without crashing the local municipal grid.

Charge Rate: 3.5 MW DC
04. Route Yield
78%

OPEX Savings

Direct electric pod drives yield ~$4.90 USD/NM energy costs, compared to ~$22.50 USD/NM for legacy marine gas oil turbines.

Energy OPEX: ~$4.90 USD / NM
4. Strategic Route Analytics

GBA Route Feasibility Calculator

Simulate the financial viability of replacing legacy diesel vessels with the EF-150 platform. Data is calibrated for HKMD COLREGs speed restrictions (12-knot displacement mode within Victoria Harbour limits before foiling in open waters).

INTERACTIVE FINANCIAL SIMULATOR

Fleet OPEX Projection Model

BASELINE MGO DIESEL: $22.50 USD / NM
2. Active Fleet Size 4 VESSELS
1 Unit 6 Units 12 Units
3. Daily Round Trips / Vessel 4 TRIPS
2 Trips 8 Trips 16 Trips
Annual Energy Savings
$0.00 M
VS Legacy Diesel Catamaran
Est. CapEx Premium Payback
0.0 YRS
On EV Platform Premium Cost
Annual CO2 Avoided
0 T
Metric Tons GHG / Year
Est. EF-150 Transit Time
0 MINS
Faster than Diesel
Annual Energy Cost (Legacy Diesel Fleet) $0.00M
Annual Energy Cost (EF-150 Electric Fleet) $0.00M
5. Technical Data Bank

Proposed Engineering Matrix

Structural and operational parameters proposed for the entire BAYWING architecture roadmap, from the D1 demonstrator to the full EF-150 commercial flagship.

COMMERCIAL PLATFORM SCHEMATIC
0102030405 ABCD TOP-DOWN PLAN: 150-PASSENGER CABIN LOA 28.50m (93.5 FT) | FOIL SPAN 9.80m 150 PASSENGERS + 4 CREW FCS LOA: 28.50 METERS (93.5 FT) PORT SIDE PROFILE (FOIL-BORNE) 80% HYDRODYNAMIC DRAG DECOUPLING 2x 650 kW PODS CRUISE WATERLINE (38 KNOTS) RIDE CLEARANCE: 1.8m REAR TRANSOM & HYDROFOIL ARRANGEMENT INVERTED-V FOIL AFT ARCHITECTURE BOARDING ACCESS & GATES INVERTED V-FOIL (AFT) 3.5 MW MCS CHARGING ARM DOCK INTERACTION 20-MINUTE ULTRA-FAST TURNAROUND SYSTEM FERRY PIER 4.0 MWh BESS GRID BUFFER 3.5 MW MCS ARM RECEPTACLE CHARGING CYCLE: 11 MINS FULL TURNAROUND TARGET: < 20 MINS AERO-MARINE SYSTEMS // GREATER BAY AREA VESSEL: BAYWING EF-150 EXPRESS CAPACITY: 150 PASSENGERS + 4 CREW BATTERY: 1.2 MWh 800V DC (LFP) ALL-UP DISP: 56 TONNES CRUISE SPEED: 38.0 KNOTS CLASSIFICATION: DNV HSLC COMPLIANT
PLATFORM ROADMAP: D1 to EF-150 REVISED DRAFT v3.0
Engineering Parameter D1 (1:8 Demonstrator) D2 (Commercial Pilot) EF-150 (Commercial)
Length Overall (LOA) 3.56 m (11.7 ft) 15.0 m (49.2 ft) 28.50 m (93.5 ft)
Foil Span (Beam) 1.22 m 4.50 m 9.80 m
All-Up Displacement Mass ~109 kg ~12,000 kg ~56,000 kg
Cruise Take-off Speed 13.4 Knots 32.0 Knots 38.0 Knots
Installed Powertrain 2x 1.0 kW Pods 2x 150 kW Pods 2x 650 kW Pods
Battery Mass Budget 1.0 kWh 48V LFP 400 kWh 800V LFP 1.2 MWh 800V LFP
Primary Development Phase Phase 1 (HKSTP Incubation) Phase 2 (Commercial Pilot) Phase 3 (Full Commercial Scale)
6. VC Funding & Capitalization Strategy

Public 1:1 Matching & Working Capital

Aero-Marine Systems utilizes a highly leveraged grant stack to execute the BAYWING-D1 hardware demonstrator. Because the HKSTP Incu-Tech and ITF Research Talent Hub operate on a reimbursement basis, we are securing an initial "Float Capital" bridge facility. This bridges cash flow, covers the PAG 10% co-pay, and secures specific Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) aerospace components while ensuring zero interruption to the R&D timeline while awaiting government disbursements.

The D2 VC Pitch (ITF ESS 1:1 Matching): To transition from the D1 drone to the commercial D2 passenger pilot, we are pitching VCs to fund a HK$ 10M Seed/Pre-A round. This staged capital architecture minimizes founder and early angel dilution. The private capital directly triggers the government's ITF Enterprise Support Scheme (ESS) 1:1 matching grant, immediately doubling the capital to HK$ 20M to fully fund the D2 construction and launch.

PHASE 1: DEMONSTRATOR (D1) AI-OPTIMIZED BUDGET BREAKDOWN HK$ 3,990,000
Budget Category AI-Driven Strategy & Allocation Details Allocation (HKD)
1. Founder Living Allowance Sustains lead founder during core R&D (HKSTP flexible operational subsidy) $720,000
2. Core Staff (1 Engineer) 1x Mechatronics Lead. GNC logic heavily augmented by AI code-gen (RTH Subsidized) $1,450,000
3. COTS Hardware & Sensors Jetson Orin Nano, SBG INS, Ouster LiDAR, Torqeedo pods (HKSTP Prototyping) $800,000
4. Hull Mfg & Tooling AI-optimized CAD driving CNC foam milling & carbon infusion (Smart Mobility Fund) $500,000
5. Testing & Water Permits Tolo Harbour site allowances, telemetry gear, chase boats (HKSTP Operations) $42,000
6. Intellectual Property PCT Filing & GBA Regional Patent Prosecution (PAG 90% Subsidized) $278,000
7. Contingency & Logistics Buffer for supply chain shipping, uncrewed vessel insurance, and import duties $200,000
LEVERAGED PUBLIC CAPITAL STACK

Total Demonstrator Capitalization: HK$ 3,990,000

Seed Bridge Facility / Float Capital (~25%): HK$ 1,000,000
HKSTP Incu-Tech Subsidy
HK$ 1,290,000
Tooling, lab rent, testing permits & operational allowance (Reimbursement).
ITF Research Talent Hub
HK$ 1,450,000
100% Gov-paid salaries for 2 full-time control engineers (Reimbursement).
Patent Application Grant
HK$ 250,000
PAG grant directly covers 90% of up to $278k in PCT & regional patent filings.
7. Investor Merits & Risk Mitigation

Capital Efficiency vs. Execution Risk

What Investors Love (The Bull Case)

Unusually High Capital Leverage

Injecting HK$ 1M in private float capital immediately unlocks HK$ 2.99M in non-dilutive government subsidies (Incu-Tech, RTH salaries, PAG). The VC 1:1 ESS match for D2 secures $20M for $10M.

Disciplined Froude-Scaling Strategy

Validating physical stability on a 3.56m sub-scale demonstrator before hitting the 15m D2 drastically reduces software/hydrodynamics risk before taking on passengers.

Disruptive Unit Economics

Cutting drag by 80% reduces energy OPEX by 78% vs legacy diesel. For high-frequency GBA routes, this gives fleet operators a rapid payback period on the EV platform premium.

What Investors Will Question (The Risks)

Heavy Key-Person Risk & AI Dependency

Running a hardware-software team with only two engineers augmented by AI cuts costs but creates extreme dependency. Mitigation: Strict modular documentation and standard COTS hardware limits proprietary lock-in.

Dockside Infrastructure Bottlenecks

Securing 3.5 MW grid capacity and pier modifications often involves extended regulatory lead times. Mitigation: The 4.0 MWh BESS buffer strategy completely bypasses high-voltage municipal grid upgrades.

The "CapEx Trap" in Phase 3

Building full-scale 56-tonne vessels requires massive capital. Mitigation: We are not a shipyard. We are a software & flight-control OEM licensing the EF-150 IP package to existing PRD shipyards.